Heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, but many of its major risk factors can be identified and addressed before they result in serious health issues. Dr Sudipta Mohanty , a leading expert in cardiovascular health, offers a comprehensive breakdown of the most common heart health risks, their potential impact, and what individuals can do to prevent or manage them. By understanding and addressing these risks early, people can significantly reduce their chances of developing heart disease and improve their overall quality of life.
1. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Dr. Mohanty highlights high blood pressure as one of the most significant and common risk factors for heart disease. Often called the “silent killer,” hypertension typically has no noticeable symptoms, which makes it easy to overlook. Over time, untreated high blood pressure can damage blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and kidney disease. Dr. Mohanty stresses the importance of regular blood pressure checks, particularly for individuals over 40 or those with a family history of hypertension. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing salt intake, regular exercise, and stress management, are critical in controlling blood pressure. In some cases, medications may be necessary.
2. High Cholesterol Levels
Cholesterol is another major contributor to heart disease, and Dr. Mohanty stresses the need to monitor cholesterol levels regularly. High levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or “bad” cholesterol, can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of heart attacks. On the other hand, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or “good” cholesterol, helps remove LDL from the bloodstream and protects against heart disease. Dr Sudipta Mohanty recommends adopting a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats to improve cholesterol levels. In some cases, statins or other medications may be prescribed to help lower LDL levels.
3. Diabetes and Insulin Resistance
Diabetes is a significant risk factor for heart disease, as it can damage blood vessels and increase inflammation. Dr. Mohanty explains that individuals with uncontrolled blood sugar are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular problems. Early detection and management of diabetes through diet, exercise, and medication can help prevent heart complications. For individuals at risk of diabetes, lifestyle changes such as reducing sugar intake, maintaining a healthy weight, and staying physically active are key to preventing the disease and safeguarding heart health.
4. Smoking
Smoking is one of the most detrimental habits for heart health, and Dr. Mohanty emphasizes that quitting smoking is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of heart disease. Smoking damages blood vessels, increases blood pressure, and decreases oxygen levels in the blood, all of which contribute to heart disease. The good news is that quitting smoking can have immediate and long-term benefits. Dr. Sudipta Mohanty encourages individuals who smoke to seek professional support through smoking cessation programs or medications, which can help significantly reduce their risk of cardiovascular issues.
5. Sedentary Lifestyle and Obesity
Dr Sudipta Mohanty also identifies a sedentary lifestyle and obesity as major risk factors for heart disease. Lack of physical activity and excess weight contribute to high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes, all of which increase the likelihood of cardiovascular problems. Regular exercise, such as walking, cycling, or swimming, can help maintain a healthy weight, improve blood circulation, and reduce heart disease risk. Dr. Mohanty recommends at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week to help keep the heart healthy and reduce the risk of chronic conditions that affect heart health.